In 1901, the Supreme Court held that the United States could control territorial land possessions indefinitely, without plans to eventually grant statehood. Over the next twenty-one years, the Court handed down what are infamously known as the Insular Cases: a series of decisions that reaffirmed the distinctions between “incorporated territories”—those destined for statehood—and “unincorporated territories,” the fates of which...
Juries
On January 1, 2022, the Arizona Supreme Court announced the most radical change to the American jury in nearly thirty-five years: the elimination of peremptory strikes. Arizona’s move is part of a broader trend of states experimenting with new ways to counter racial exclusion in the selection of juries after decades of federal inaction. Perhaps as noteworthy as the reforms themselves is the way in which many have come about: Rather than announcing...
In the 2017 case Pena-Rodriguez v. Colorado, the Supreme Court held that the jury no-impeachment rule must yield to a criminal defendant’s Sixth Amendment right to an impartial jury when a court is faced with clear evidence that racial animus played a significant role in the jury’s decision to convict. Despite the Supreme Court notably cabining its decision to instances of racial bias alone, commentators have questioned whether...